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1.
Rev. Fund. Educ. Méd. (Ed. impr.) ; 27(2): 89-99, Abr. 2024. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-VR-26

RESUMO

Introducción: Pocas veces se indaga sobre el significado que tiene para los profesores recibir informes sobre sus competencias docentes en opinión de los médicos residentes. El objetivo de este estudio es comprender la manera en que losprofesores valoran y usan los datos de la evaluación docente (ED) para transformar sus prácticas educativas. Sujetos y métodos: Es un estudio cuantitativo descriptivo por medio de encuesta aplicada en línea durante septiembre y octubre de 2023. La población fue de 896 profesores titulares y adjuntos con nombramiento de 79 especialidades evaluados al menos por los residentes en una ocasión. Respondieron 491 profesores (54,8%). La estructura del instrumento tenía tres secciones: datos sociodemográficos y académicos, preguntas cerradas con escalas de tipo Likert categorizadas en cuatro temas y preguntas abiertas para comentarios escritos.Resultados: Para más del 85%, la ED es un referente que influye en su desempeño docente. El 93,3% está de acuerdo en que la ED ayuda a identificar fortalezas y debilidades. El 75% o más cree que las preguntas del cuestionario que responden los residentes se relacionan con sus prácticas educativas. Conclusiones: La ED es aceptada y valorada positivamente por los docentes, sus respuestas comparten el imaginario colectivo característico de los contextos de educación superior que consideran esta evaluación una estrategia para realimentar y mejorar su desempeño docente, así como para detectar fortalezas y áreas de oportunidad. Se requieren discusiones guiadas sobre las competencias docentes que vayan más allá de los informes individuales con el fin de visibilizar lasdinámicas académicas en la sede.(AU)


Introduction: The meaning of the data given by professors who receive teaching competencies reports in the opinion of resident physicians is rarely investigated. The aim of this study is to understand how teachers value and use teaching evaluation (TE) data to transform their educational practices.Subjects and methods: Quantitative descriptive study by means of an online survey applied during September and October 2023. The population consisted of 896 tenured and associated professors appointed in 79 specialties evaluated by residents at least once. A total of 491 teachers (54.8%) responded. The structure of the instrument had three sections: sociodemographic and academic data, closed-ended questions with Likert-type scales categorized into 4 themes, and open-ended questions for written comments. Results: More than 85% considered TE as a referent that influences their teaching performance. 93.3% agree that TE helps identify strengths and weaknesses. More than 75% believe that the questionnaire items answered by residents relate to their educational practices. Conclusions: TE is accepted and positively valued by teachers, their responses share the collective imaginary characteristic of higher educational contexts that consider this evaluation as a strategy to provide feedback and improve their teaching performance, and to detect strengths and areas of opportunity. Guided discussions on teaching competencies that go beyond individual reports are required to make visible the academic dynamics in each institution.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Internato e Residência , Educação de Pós-Graduação , Docentes , Educação Baseada em Competências , Avaliação Educacional , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Inquéritos e Questionários
2.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37754613

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to describe and analyze residents' perceptions of characteristics on the expansive/restrictive continuum of their clinical learning environment. METHODS: We conducted a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study. A self-administered questionnaire was designed, programmed and applied to residents at the Faculty of Medicine of the National Autonomous University of Mexico. The instrument was structured in eight sections, and for this article, Section 3, which referred to clinical environments and violence was considered. The questionnaire had an 85% response rate, with 12,612 residents from 113 medical units and 78 specialties participating. The reliability and internal consistency measured with alpha omega obtained a value of ω 0.835 (CI; 0.828-0.843). RESULTS: Unpleasant, competitive, tense and conflictive contexts were related to restrictive environments. Sexual orientation influenced the perception of intolerance in the clinical setting with respect to discriminatory comments, such that for gender minorities, the environment was experienced as exclusionary. First-year residents perceived environments as more aggressive, a perception that tended to decrease in later years of residency. DISCUSSION: Abuses in power relations, rigid hierarchical positions and offensive clinical interactions may foster restrictive environments. In such settings, the reproduction of socio-culturally learned violence is feasible; however, asymmetrical relationships may be deconstructed and transformed.

3.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 65(2): 50-54, mar.-abr. 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1376302

RESUMO

Resumen El ensayo presenta una revisión de la coyuntura pandémica en la División de Estudios de Posgrado (DEP) de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM durante 2020. La intención es reflexionar en torno a la capacidad de respuesta institucional ante la contingencia, reconstruyendo las acciones y los hechos que muestran ritmos y orientaciones en tres momentos. En la primera etapa, la preocupación y los esfuerzos estuvieron encaminados a proteger a los residentes ante la inminencia del riesgo de contagio y muerte. La DEP intensificó las relaciones con las instituciones de salud y se llevaron a cabo campañas con el fin de darles las herramientas necesarias para su protección. El segundo tiempo fue de recomposición para retomar las actividades educativas y poner atención a los procesos formativos en cada especialidad. Finalmente, en el tercer período, el de la nueva normalidad, se asumieron los procesos educativos mediados por tecnologías de la comunicación y la información, aunque la práctica clínica siguió en modalidad presencial. A medida que los hospitales han vuelto a las dinámicas previas a la irrupción del COVID-19, las actividades educativas también han tendido a restablecerse. La contingencia por el COVID-19 actuó como un acelerador del cambio y la DEP no fue indiferente a ese proceso, las características de la institucionalización académica se transformaron promoviendo acciones educativas.


Abstract The essay presents a review of the pandemic situation in the Division of Postgraduate Studies (DEP) at the Faculty of Medicine of UNAM during 2020. The intention is to reflect on the institutional response capacity, reconstructing the actions and events that show rhythms and orientations in three moments. In the first stage, concerns and efforts were aimed at protecting residents from the imminence of the risk of contagion and death. The DEP intensified relations with health institutions, and campaigns were carried out to give them the necessary tools for their protection. The second tram was for recomposition to reasume educational activities and pay attention to the training processes at each specialty. Finally, in the third period, that of the new normality, educational processes mediated by communication and information technologies were assumed, although clinical practice continued in face-to-face mode. As hospitals have returned to their pre-COVID dynamics, educational activities have also tended to re-establish. The COVID-19 contingency acted as an accelerator of change and the DEP was not indifferent to that process. Despite the mistakes and errors, some of the characteristics of academic institutionalization were transformed, promoting educational shifts.

7.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 62(5): 39-47, sep.-oct. 2019.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1149580

RESUMO

Resumen La intención de este artículo es reflexionar acerca de los significados socioculturales de la experiencia de enfermar, más allá de la mirada biomédica. En sus líneas se discurre sobre los matices conceptuales para nombrar la pérdida de la salud, privilegiando la perspectiva de los pacientes en contextos específicos. Se propone la construcción conceptual de la noción de trastorno para comprender la afectación personal y social de quien padece, considerando aspectos como la experiencia, el deseo, las expectativas y las redes de significados en que se interpreta la situación. Así, se busca visibilizar la complejidad de los entornos relacionados con el padecer en el ámbito de la identidad personal y colectiva.


Abstrac The intention of this article is to reflect on the socio-cultural meanings of the experience of getting sick beyond the biomedical view. The conceptual nuances of naming the loss of health are being addressed, privileging the perspective of patients in specific contexts. We propose the conceptual construction of the notion of disorder to understand the personal and social affectation of the sufferer, considering aspects such as experience, desire, expectations and networks of meanings in which the situation is interpreted. Thus, it seeks to make visible the complexity of the environments related to suffering in the field of personal and collective identity.

8.
Med. interna Méx ; 34(4): 619-621, jul.-ago. 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-984720

RESUMO

Resumen En la actualidad la aplicación de mensajería WhatsApp® se ha convertido en una de las principales formas de comunicación virtual porque permite establecer relaciones interpersonales y grupales; incluso, ha generado un lenguaje basado en emoticones que permite transmitir ideas y sentimientos. La consulta médica no ha quedado fuera de esta nueva modalidad de comunicación; cada vez es más frecuente que los pacientes consulten a los médicos mediante el uso de esta aplicación para teléfonos inteligentes. Sin embargo, debido a la importancia que entraña la relación médico-paciente, no es el medio ideal para dar la atención adecuada a los pacientes en relación con la consulta de algún padecimiento.


Abstract Currently, the WhatsApp® messaging application has become one of the main forms of virtual communication since it allows to establish interpersonal and group relationships, and has even generated a language based on emoticons that allows transmitting ideas and feelings. The medical consultation has not been left out of this new mode of communication as it is increasingly common for patients to consult doctors through the use of this application for smartphones. However, due to the importance of the doctor-patient relationship, it is not the ideal means to provide adequate care to patients in relation to the consultation of a condition.

10.
Cir Cir ; 81(4): 317-27, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25063897

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In countries such as United States and European Nations changes have been proposed regarding to duty and academic structure of specialists in training, this implies adjustments in the norms concerning the number of hours a week that residents work. The main argument which has underpinned such transformations is based on the assumption that excessive working hours (more than 16 hours uninterrupted) cause cognitive and psychomotor disorders in residents. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between sleep deprivation and cognitive and psychomotor skills of a sample of residents of different specialties of Medicine. METHODS: Longitudinal study with measurements pre and post shifts, in 31 residents of Medicine. The measured variables were: cognitive and psychomotor skills, demographic data and conditions of the shift, quality of sleep and psychopathology. RESULTS: 81% residents showed detriment in at least one of the tests, however, in psychomotor skills significant different results were found in CPR maneuvers between pre and post shift with an improvement in scores. CONCLUSIONS: Sleep deprivation causes detriment of cognitive and psychomotor skills. While our results can't be generalized, they may constitute a precedent for possible changes in the working hours of medical residencies.


Antecedentes: en países como Estados Unidos y las naciones europeas se han propuesto cambios a la estructura asistencial y académica de los médicos especialistas en formación que proponen transformaciones a las normas relativas al número de horas que trabajan a la semana los residentes. El argumento principal que sustenta esas transformaciones se basa en el supuesto de que las horas de trabajo excesivas (más de 16 horas ininterrumpidas) provocan alteraciones cognitivas y psicomotrices en los residentes. Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre la privación de sueño y las habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras de una muestra de residentes de diferentes especialidades médicas. Material y métodos: estudio longitudinal, con mediciones pre y post guardia, en 31 residentes de Medicina. Se midieron las variables de: habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras, datos sociodemográficos y de condiciones de guardia, calidad de sueño y psicopatología. resultados: 81% de los residentes tuvo detrimento en, al menos, una de las pruebas realizadas; sin embargo, en los resultados de las habilidades psicomotoras y en la maniobra de reanimación cardiopulmonar básica se encontró una diferencia significativa en los momentos pre y post guardia con mejoría en las puntuaciones. Conclusiones: la privación de sueño disminuye las habilidades cognitivas y psicomotoras. Si bien nuestros resultados no son generalizables, pueden constituir un precedente para fundamentar posibles cambios referentes a las guardias en las residencias médicas.


Assuntos
Competência Clínica , Transtornos Cognitivos/etiologia , Internato e Residência , Doenças Profissionais/psicologia , Desempenho Psicomotor , Privação do Sono/psicologia , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano/psicologia , Tolerância ao Trabalho Programado , Adulto , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Transtornos Cognitivos/epidemiologia , Fadiga/epidemiologia , Fadiga/etiologia , Fadiga/psicologia , Seguimentos , Cirurgia Geral , Hábitos , Humanos , Medicina Interna , Intubação Intratraqueal , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Oftalmologia , Tempo de Reação , Privação do Sono/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Sono do Ritmo Circadiano/epidemiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 50(3): 233-4, 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23182248

RESUMO

Publishing contents on medical education research is a challenge for authors and publishers of so-called scientific journals. The criteria and interests of the publishing companies do not necessarily coincide with the academic value of the articles. Authors are facing pressure to publish in indexed journals to stimulate the number of citations to their work; this implicates the acceptance of norms, interests, and specific contents. The proposal is to build a more inclusive publishing systems based on academic quality and not on rating.


Assuntos
Educação Médica , Editoração/normas
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